What is the effect of super refraction on waves?

Super refraction occurs when the atmospheric conditions cause waves to bend significantly due to a strong temperature gradient or density change in the air. When super refraction takes place, it affects how waves propagate, making them travel along the surface of the Earth rather than dissipating or traveling straight into the atmosphere. This bending allows the waves to follow the curvature of the ground, often resulting in a longer range of propagation than would normally be expected. This phenomenon is critical in navigation and communication using radio waves, as it can enhance the signal range under certain conditions. Waves traveling along the ground can maintain their energy and integrity over greater distances, thus facilitating better communication and navigation capabilities.